空间溢出、双向FDI与二氧化碳排放强度

基于文献综述发现双向FDI(外商直接投资和对外直接投资)对碳排放强度的影响可能同时具有"污染光环效应"和"污染避难效应".因此,选择2005—2017年中国30个省市(因数据缺失,不包括西藏地区和港澳台地区)的面板数据,通过莫兰指数(Moran's I)对中国外商直接投资、对外直接投资和二氧化碳排放强度的空间集聚特征进行刻画,并构建空间计量模型实证研究中国双向FDI对二氧化碳排放强度的影响效应.研究发现:中国二氧化碳排放强度与双向FDI都存在显著的空间正相关特征;中国双向FDI对本地区二氧化碳排放强度的影响效应均显著为正;中国双向FDI的空间溢出效应显著抑制中国二氧化碳排放强度增加.最后,提出了合理利用双向FDI的政策建议.     

中国西北地区环境规制强度与城镇化质量的协调性分析

以西北地区为例,探讨环境规制强度与城镇化质量的耦合协调发展关系及其主要障碍因子,以期为促进二者协调发展和经济高质量发展提供参考。在构建环境规制强度与城镇化质量评价指标体系的基础上,运用熵值法、耦合协调模型和障碍度模型对西北地区环境规制强度与城镇化质量的综合发展水平、协调发展水平以及主要障碍因子进行分析,结论如下:第一,环境规制强度与城镇化质量综合得分整体均呈上升趋势,其中后者综合得分及其增长幅度均比前者要高;第二,环境规制强度与城镇化质量的耦合协调度较低,基本位于过渡区间并且多数是环境规制滞后类型,同时两者的协调发展水平整体呈稳步提升趋势;第三,影响环境规制强度与城镇化质量协调发展的障碍因子主要位于环境规制强度系统内。基于此,提出生态理念先行、制度保障紧随、产业升级并行的对策建议。     

可持续发展视角下江苏能源需求情景预测

文章运用IPAT方程和指数分解的方法分析了江苏省2000—2007年的能源消耗及能源消费强度状况;根据江苏能源需求的历史发展趋势、小康社会指标以及发达国家能源利用状况分情景预测了江苏未来能源利用效率及能源需求总量。文章针对实现小康社会目标的各种情景,分析了经济结构对能源需求和能源强度的影响并提出政策建议。     

浅谈抗震设防烈度6度以下地区高层建筑结构设计中的结构抗震概念设计

高层建筑的防震要求是根据地区和建筑结构等具体情况严格规定的,处于非地震带地区的高层建筑,通常要求满足承受抗震设防烈度6度以下即可。随着高层建筑日益增多的发展态势,建筑的抗震要求作为建筑设计中的重要环节,是值得我们探讨和研究的。     

中国省区碳排放强度的分布特征及其变化分析

文章定量测算和分析我国1997-2008年能源消费二氧化碳排放强度的区域和行业分布,结果显示,工业和交通运输业的碳强度远高于其他行业,东部发达地区的碳强度远低于其他地区;并且,各省区的碳强度状况与其所处的工业化进程差异及采取的产业结构调整战略直接相关。同时,基于LMDI分解方法进行的各省区能耗碳强度变化的影响因素分析表明,能源强度的改善是驱动1997-2008年大部分省区碳强度降低的主导因素,而产业结构的变化则趋于拉升大部分省区的碳强度。上述两种力量在各省区有着明显不同的作用程度。     

经济增长、能源消费和信贷投放的动态关系研究——基于碳排放强度分组的省级面板实证分析

本文基于“碳排放强度”的分组思路,分别建立低碳发展区域和高碳发展区域的经济增长-能源消费-信贷投放的面板VAR模型,通过脉冲响应、方差分解和Granger因果检验,比较分析上述三者的动态关系。结果表明:(1)经济增长、能源消费和信贷投放之间的动态关系在低碳发展区域和高碳发展区域存在显著差异。(2)低碳发展区域的信贷投放和能源消费对经济增长具有显著的促进作用,存在着信贷投放对经济增长的“金融加速器”效应,而高碳发展区域的这一现象并不显著。(3)信贷投放是能源消费的Granger原因,表明金融机构较好地执行了国家产业政策和货币政策,促进了能源消费强度的下降。     

Export intensity of foreign subsidiaries of multinational enterprises: The role of trade finance availability

We examine the relationship between the role of trade finance availability and the export intensity of foreign subsidiaries of multinational enterprises (MNEs). In developing our hypotheses, we draw upon insights derived from “new” internalisation theory (international business literature) and international trade finance (international economics literature). We empirically test these hypotheses using survey data compiled from subsidiary managers in six ASEAN countries, supplemented with host-country level data. We conceptualise, empirically test, and establish that the subsidiary-level capability in combining and utilising internal and external debts is an important subsidiary-specific advantage to support export intensity. We find that subsidiaries employ intra-firm loans from MNE internal capital markets and, to some extent, bank loans from external financial institutions to boost their export intensity. Subsidiaries may have concerns about foreign exchange risks, but the use of appropriate foreign exchange risk management is positively associated with export intensity. We discuss the implications of our findings for theory and practice.     

清洁生产技术创新、治污技术创新与环境规制

本文通过数理模型,证明了环境规制对技术创新的影响存在偏向性,在环境规制强度较弱阶段偏向于促进治污技术创新,而在较强阶段偏向于促进清洁生产技术创新。并利用中国2002-2015年省际面板数据,以清洁生产技术创新水平和治污技术创新水平的比值构建技术创新偏向指数。通过广义可行最小二乘法,估计面板固定效应模型,分析环境规制与技术创新偏向指数的关系,论证了本文的理论命题。另外,企业规模偏向于促进治污技术创新,而第二产业比重的上升、国有企业比例的增加和企业研究与开发支出则显著偏向于促进清洁生产技术创新。     

The dynamic impact of bilateral trade linkages on stock market correlations of Australia and China

This article aims to examine the long-run equilibrium relationship between bilateral trade linkages and stock market correlations of Australia and China using quarterly data from 1993 to 2015. Further, this study explores the impact of trade intensity on stock market correlations using OLS, Dynamic OLS (DOLS) and Fully Modified OLS (FMOLS) models. The empirical results confirm that there is a significant long-run relationship among the variables. In addition, our results, based on OLS, DOLS and FMOLS, show that increasing trade intensity between Australia and China has a significant and positive impact on their stock market correlations. The Global Financial Crisis also contributed for their stock market interdependence. Our results therefore suggest that the bilateral trade relations between Australia and China have brought their stock markets together over time. The findings of this study offer significant policy and practical implications. The policymakers need to be aware of the economic changes in those countries as they will immediately reflect on their stock market performance and relationship. Similarly, the global investors need to be aware of the fact that the diversification opportunities between Australia and China have considerably declined over time as their markets became more interdependent in the recent past.     

The Elasticity of Poverty with respect to Sectoral Growth in Africa

The African continent has grown by more than 4 percent yearly on average during the past decade. However, the link between this remarkable growth rate and poverty reduction is neither obvious nor simple. This paper focuses on the elasticity of poverty with respect to GDP growth at the sectoral level and takes into account the fact that economic growth may affect poverty directly as well as indirectly through sectoral labor share intensity. It develops a methodology that sheds light on the contribution of sectoral growth to poverty reduction country‐by‐country in Africa, guiding policy recommendations. As the composition of growth matters at least as much as its overall intensity, it is key to identify the sectors that have the strongest impact on poverty reduction and unleash their potential; if growth happens to concentrate in sectors with scarce pro‐poor potential, like commodity‐driven growth, redistributive strategies are necessary to compensate the weak effect on poverty.